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Rectal Resection
Rectal Resection is a surgery to remove part or all of the rectum, which is the last part of the large intestine that connects to the anus. This surgery is done to treat serious problems in the rectum or lower colon.
Indications for Surgery:
Rectal Cancer: To take out cancer and nearby tissues.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: For severe cases of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis that affect the rectum.
Diverticulitis: When there are serious problems like infections or holes in the rectum.
Injuries: To fix serious damage to the rectum.
Large Polyps: If polyps can’t be removed with smaller procedures.
Types of Surgery:
Low Anterior Resection (LAR): Removes the upper part of the rectum but keeps some rectal tissue. The remaining colon is then connected to what’s left of the rectum. This is usually done for cancers higher in the rectum.
Abdominoperineal Resection (APR): Removes the entire rectum and anus, along with nearby tissue. A permanent colostomy is made so waste can leave the body. This is done for cancers lower in the rectum or anus.
Proctectomy: Removes the entire rectum. This can be part of an APR or done on its own.
Procedure:
Anesthesia: You’ll be put to sleep so you won’t feel anything.
Opening the Abdomen: A cut is made in the belly to reach the rectum.
Removing the Rectum:
The damaged or diseased part of the rectum is taken out.
Nearby tissues or lymph nodes might also be removed.
Reconnecting or Creating an Opening:
If possible, the colon is reconnected to the anus.
If not, a colostomy or ileostomy is made so waste can exit through a stoma.
Closing the Cut: The cut is closed using stitches or glue.
Benefits of Rectal Resection
Treats Serious Disease: Removes cancer or damaged tissue, helping treat or even cure the condition.
Relieves Symptoms: Helps reduce pain, bleeding, or blockages caused by rectal problems.